Romania

EU roadmap Standard-taker

Romania's posture is led by the DNSC, whose guide on the transition to post-quantum cryptography points organisations to the NIST-standardised algorithms while noting that they are mathematically validated but still lack operational maturity, and stresses crypto-agility. The government has adopted a national strategy on quantum technologies covering post-quantum cryptography, and an EU-funded call supports integrating post-quantum algorithms into high-level protocols. In 2026 the National Authority for Research announced the launch of RExQTCS, a centre of excellence coordinated by Politehnica University of Bucharest that links frontier research in classical and post-quantum cryptography to communications security. No fixed national migration deadline has been published.

Governance credibility

Governance credibility scores for Romania, each out of two. Hover or focus a row to highlight its axis.
Criterion	Score	Confidence
Relevance	2.0 / 2	High
Coherence	2.0 / 2	High
Effectiveness	1.5 / 2	High
Efficiency	2.0 / 2	High
Governance	2.0 / 2	High
Impact	2.0 / 2	High

Regulatory basis

NIS2 Directive (EU) 2022/2555, Art. 21(2)(h) EU Binding law
DORA, Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 (financial sector) EU Binding law
Commission Recommendation (EU) 2024/1101 on a coordinated PQC roadmap EU Soft law
NIS Cooperation Group Coordinated Implementation Roadmap (2026/2030/2035) EU Soft law

Legal status: Binding

Essential and important entities must use state-of-the-art cryptography under NIS2, transposed into national law, and financial entities face equivalent duties under DORA; neither yet names post-quantum algorithms specifically. Migration follows the EU coordinated roadmap, with high-risk use cases targeted for 2030 and full migration by 2035, which is encouraged rather than mandated.

Standards and algorithms

No standards or algorithms specified.

Hybrid stance

None stated

Migration timeline

today

2030

2035

20252036

2030High-risk use cases migrated
2035Full migration of all systems complete

Target completion: 2035

International standards processes

NIS Cooperation Group co-authored the EU coordinated PQC roadmap

Governmental and standards bodies

DNSC Romania's National Cyber Security Directorate, issues transition guidance and cryptography analysis
SGG General Secretariat of the Government, adopted the national strategy on quantum technologies
Oportunitati UE (Government of Romania) EU-funding opportunities portal listing the post-quantum integration call
Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare (MCID) National Authority for Research, announced the launch of the RExQTCS quantum-cybersecurity centre of excellence

Key institutional documents

România intră în era securității cuantice (launch of RExQTCS center of excellence) Autoritatea Națională pentru Cercetare (MCID) · 2026 · T4
Funding call: Integration of post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms into high-level protocols Oportunitati UE (Government of Romania) · T1
National strategy on quantum technologies (Annex 41) SGG · 2024 · T1
Analysis: Current state of cryptography in cybersecurity DNSC · T1
Guide on the transition to post-quantum cryptography DNSC · T1

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